Based on Peirce's philosophical ideas and abduction theory, this paper focuses on the translation process empirical studies from both philosophical and logical perspectives.Two factors are analyzed, i.e.the abduction instinct for proceeding of Hypothesis, and abduction reasoning for hypothesis evaluating process.It is concluded that translation units are dynamically used, even to the same translator and translation files, the subjective and objective units verified;translation strategy process are filled with the flexible combination of both abduction hypothesis and abduction reasoning.Meanwhile, the preciseness of the translation process empirical studies and corresponding philosophical criticisms, certainty of the conclusions and the truthful ideas are discussed.We propose enough attention to pragmatic theory of truth and further reflection on translation process empirical studies.