As a result of the abnormal change in the social and economic structure and the penetration of the western culture,the traditionally educational system in modern Chinese society led to gradual disintegration.It made men of insight rethink fairly radically and pay close attention to the ideological differences between east and west.The translation of the book Education in Japan,accordingly,has won great popularity of intellectuals at that time,which was collaborated by Young J.Allen,a missionary of America and Ren Tingxu who passed the Imperial Examination and earned the title of “Jinshi” in the Qing dynasty.This paper makes an analysis of the influence of the book on both the establishment of modern Chinese education ideologies and the advancement of cultural exchanges between east and west.It also ponders on the realistic meaning of moral education the book values.