Looking at the development of the memory theory, we can find out that the memory theory has made a great progress mainly in the twentieth century.French sociologist Halbwachs established the theory of collective memory, but the memory theory has got a breakthrough in Germany.The couple of Assmann clarified the concept and the relationship between different forms of memory and put forth the theory of cultural memory which has become the object of interdisciplinary research combining sociology, archeology, literature, history, cultural studies and so on.