In History and Class Consciousness,Lukács absorbed the scientific connotation of Marx's commodity fetishism,and carried out Critique of capitalist society along the modern paths of modernization critique with the materialization theory as the core and of the modernity critique with the bourgeois metaphysics as the object.This critical path of modernity shows that Lukács is standing on the principle of Marx's modernity criticism to a certain extent,profoundly criticizing modern capitalist society,and he has opened up a new path for the criticism of the modernity of Western Marxism.However,Lukács' critical theory of modernity wears "Hegel's glasses",and the criticism of modernity that he engages cannot escape the theoretical dilemma of metaphysics.He does not escape the philosophical direction of the dual separation of subject and object in modern philosophy.