Metonymy is such a universal phenomenon that it also exists in translation process.This thesis,based on a review and a primary classification,will analyze phenomenon of metonymy of translation that happen on the lexical and sentential level respectively from the perspective of categorization and Cognitive Grammar.Metonymy of translation concerns three aspects,sound,shape and meaning.The findings are as follows:1) the main ways of realizing metonymy of translation include whole for part,part for whole and part for part;2) metonymy of translation has some basis in categorization structure,and especially when there exists generic schema between two cultures,a category on a different level or an another category member on the same level would be profiled and projected onto the target language;3) translation skills are concrete embodiment of the thinking mode of translating by means of metonymy,which may result in adjustment to different degrees in the conceptual structure of the target language.The research result may enlighten the studies of cognitive linguistics and translatology.