From the perspective of typology, this paper theoretically identifies three types of mainstream ideology experienced in contemporary China, namely, “revolutionary type”, “ruling type” and “governing type”, and it concretely demonstrates the realistic and historical logic type conversion. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the mainstream ideology of contemporary China has undergone two major historical transitions from “revolutionary” type to “ruling” type and then to “governing” type. The ideological transformation in contemporary China brings about a change in the specific type of the mainstream ideology in different historical periods on the premise of remaining its own unchanged socialist nature, thus the concrete embodiment of self-improvement and self-development of the socialist system.