Geoffrey Chaucer, reputed as “father of English poetry”, is the greatest poet in the fourteenth-century England. Deeply influenced by court culture, Chaucer followed the courtly love tradition in his early poems, but made certain revisions to represent the real English court. Along with his gradual expanding literary horizon, Chaucer began to integrate realistic elements into the courtly love tradition and innovated the images of noble woman and knight. In The Canterbury Tales, the representative of his later works, Chaucer further transcended the limitation of courtly love tradition and used “marriage” as a metaphor to show his attitude towards the class conflicts in his time. Chaucer’s continual rewriting of the courtly love tradition throughout his poetic career not only vividly reflects the formation of his personal style, but also provides invaluable clues for posterity to understand the social changes of the late medieval England.