The English version of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out, translated by American sinologist Howard Goldblatt, successfully paved the way for Mo Yan to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012. However, it is rare to choose Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out as the object of study in the turning period of Howard Goldblatt’s translation strategy within the framework of Bourdieu’s sociological theory. Therefore, this paper analyzes the translation strategies and methods embodied in the English version of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out based on the three core concepts of Bourdieu’s field theory—habitus, capital and field, and deeply explains the reasons and motivations for these translation strategies and methods. It is found that the translator’s dynamic habits, the cultural capital gradually accumulated by Howard Goldblatt and the overall situation of the translation field are closely related to the selection of translation strategies in Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out.