When the socialism movement encounters a relatively low tide, how to effectively defend Marx’s socialist ideology has become an urgent theoretical issue. Mezhuyev’s innovation of socialism lies in its defending in the cultural dimension. The theoretical origins determine Marx’s socialist ideology and the Soviet Union socialist theory are the products of two different kinds of civilization. The scientific nature of socialism is affirmed by analysis of whether science, ideology and utopian can achieve real combination in the socialist ideology. The contemporary nature of the socialist ideology is explained on the basis of human freedom. However, Meiruyev’s defense of socialism has its flaws and need improving.