The subjectivity of Chinese culture is the foundational prerequisite for sustaining the cultural vitality of the Chinese nation and achieving national spiritual independence, and also marks its distinction from other civilizations. The theoretical premise for consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture excludes the influence of three ideological trends: cultural revivalism, cultural hegemonism, and cultural nihilism. In modern times, the subjectivity of Chinese culture has undergone an evolutionary process: experiencing decline during the national crisis, reshaping under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and enhancing in the New Era. Consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture in the New Era requires vigorously improving the practice of Chinese-style modernization to strengthen its material foundation, adhering to the “Two Integrations” (integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture) as the fundamental path, and enriching exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations to ensure its vibrant vitality and extensive influence.