Relying on the scientific lens of historical materialism, Marx deeply analyzed the practical foundation, the characteristics of partisanship and the dynamic effect of ideology, and he constructed a classic ideological theory system. His theoretical framework provides a perspective for in-depth exploration of the academic context, value orientation and path inspiration of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, which has achieved a continuously innovative expansion of Marxist ideology theory. From the perspective of inheritance, it highlights the necessity of strengthening the socialist ideology, and requires an internal integration of the core determination to adhere to the Party’s leadership and the joint force of the people as the main body, cultivating socialist ideology in cultural work. In the dimension of innovation, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture has integrated the principle of the Two Integrations into the overall construction of the Party’s ideology. It combines the creation of socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics, aiming at the prosperity of cultural development with significance of the times and national style, achieving a theoretical and practical innovation of Marxist ideology theory.