Advancing ecological civilization in the new era requires the strong support of scientific approaches. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has applied scientific approaches to ecological civilization with leading guidance, strategic planning, and systematic deployment, thereby facilitating historic achievements. To thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, it is essential to gain a deep understanding of the strategic, historical, dialectical, systemic, innovative, law-based, and bottom-line thinking that runs through it. Together, these modes of thinking form an interconnected scientific methodological framework for planning as a whole, grasping the underlying laws, handling contradictions, coordinating overall arrangements, generating momentum, strengthening safeguards, and preventing risks, thereby providing methodological guidance for breaking new ground in ecological civilization development in the new era.